Introduction Beijing China

Beijing is the capital of the People's Republic of China and it is China's political and cultural center. It covers an area of 16,808 square kilometres and has a population of over 11 million, among which urban dwellers amount to 73.1 percent.

Beijing is located on the west coast of the Pacific, stands at the northern tip of the North China plain. It is situated at 39.6' north latitude and 116.0' east longitude, with the Shanxi and Inner Mongolian plateaus to the west and northwest, and with Bohai Sea to the east.

Beijing is surrounded by the Yanshan Mountains on the west, north and east while the small alluvial plain of the Yongding River lies to its southeast. Beijing stands on his terrain and faces the Bohai Sea, which is also called the Beijing Bay.

In China, Beijing is one of the four municipalities directly under the central government, and it is divided into 12 districts and 6 counties.

Beijing enjoys a moderate continental climate. The average yearly rainfall is about 600 to 700 millimetres. Much of it falls in the late June, July and August. Spring in Beijing is dry and dusty, summer rainy, winter long, sunny and dry. The best season to visit Beijing, as many other parts of China, is autumn.

Archaeological discovery has shown that Beijing is a cradle of the Chinese nation. It is here that the "Peking Man" -- an ancestor of the ancient Chinese nation -- multiplied about half a million years ago. About 3,000 years ago, Beijing became an important town in North China. In the 11th century B.C., a northern kingdom called Yan established its capital in Beijing, which was then known as "Yanjing". Later, the Kin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties (1115-1911) all made Beijing their capital, so that it served as China's political center for 700 years. Construction during various feudal dynasties has left Beijing a host of historical and cultural relics, imperial palaces and gardens, imperial residences, temples, pavilions, archways and stone carvings. These, unique in the world, have earned Beijing the name of a historical and cultural treasure house. Since New China was founded in 1949, Beijing has undergone new changes and become a modern city.

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Mobile phone use 'raises children's risk of brain cancer fivefold'

Children and adolescents who are five times more likely to get cancer of the brain in the case of the use of mobile phones, the amazing, new research indicates.

The study, experts say raises fears that today's young people may suffer from the "B" of the disease later in life. At least nine out of 10 British and 16 years of age to have the phone, as do more than 40 per cent of pupils in primary schools.

After investigation of the risks to young people has been omitted from the massive £ 3.1m British investigation of the cancer risk from using mobile phones, launched this year, although the official Mobile Telecommunications and Health Research (MTHR (the program - which is it -- recognizes that this issue is of "high priority".

Despite the recommendations of an official report that the use of mobile phones by children should have the "lowest possible", the government has done almost nothing to discourage.

Last week the European Parliament voted 522 to 16 to urge ministers across Europe to bring in stricter limits for exposure to radiation from mobile phones and radios, and WiFi and other devices, partly because children are especially vulnerable to them. Are more vulnerable because the brain and nervous system are still developing and because - since their skulls are smaller and thinner - the radiation penetrates deeper into the brain.

The Swedish Research reported this month in the first international conference on mobile phones and health.

Arose from the further analysis of data from one of the largest studies conducted in the risk of radiation causes cancer, headed by Professor Lennart Hardell of University Hospital in Sweden Aorburu. Professor Hardell told the conference - held at the Royal Society by the Radiation Research Trust - that "the people who started mobile phone use before the age of 20" more than five-fold increase in glioma ", a cancer of glial cells that support the central nervous system . the excess risk of young people of contracting the disease from using the cordless phone found in many of the houses almost as large, to more than four-fold.

Who started the use of mobile young people, and also added five times more likely to get acoustic neuromas, benign but often disrupt the nerve tumors of the audio, which usually cause deafness.
In contrast, people who were in their twenties by the use of mobile phones, only 50 per cent more likely to contract gliomas and just twice as likely to get acoustic neuromas.

Said Professor Hardell IOS: "This is a warning, which is very worrying and we must take the necessary precautions." He believes that children under the age of 12 should not use phones only in emergencies and that teenagers should use hands-free devices or the head and focus on texting. 20 reduces the risk because the brain and then completely. Indeed, it was recognized, and a danger to children and adolescents, but may be larger than his results suggest, because the results of this study do not show the effects of the use of phones for many years. Most cancers take decades to develop, longer than mobile phones and put on the market.

Research has shown that adults who used cell phones for more than 10 years is very likely to get gliomas and acoustic neuromas, but he said that there are sufficient data to show how such relatively long-term would increase the use of the risk of those who had started young .

He wants more research to be done, but the risks to children will be studied in the MTHR study, which followed 90000 people in Britain. Professor David Coggon, the chairman of the program management committee, said they were not included because other research was being done on young people through a study in Sweden Kariolinska Institute.

He said: "It looks frightening to see the five-fold increase in the incidence of cancer among people who started use in childhood," but he said he was "very surprised" if the danger has been found that this increase in time all the evidence.

But David Carpenter, Dean of the Faculty of Public Health at the University of NewYork - who also attended the conference - said: "Children spend considerable time on mobile phones and we could be facing a crisis in public health and epidemic brain cancer due to the use of mobile phones."

In 2000 and 2005, two official inquiries under Sir William Stewart, chief scientist in the former government, and recommended the use of mobile phones for children should not "encourage" and "reduce."

But almost nothing has happened, and use by young people has more than doubled since the beginning of the millennium.